Indicativo de depressão e fatores associados em idosos da comunidade urbana.

Abstract

Human aging brings several changes and has been associated with the manifestation of chronic non-communicable diseases. Among these diseases, depression impacts substantially on the independence and autonomy of the elderly. This study aimed to describe socio-demographic and economic profile, functional capacity, self-reported morbidity and reported level of physical activity among elderly with and without indication of depression; to compare the socio-demographic characteristics, functional ability, self-reported morbidity and level of physical activity among elderly with and without indication of depression; and to identify factors associated with the indication of depression in elderly living in urban community. This was an observational, cross-sectional and analytical study, whose sample consisted of 980 elderly residents in the urban area of the municipality of Uberaba, MG, which were divided into two groups: 250 individuals with indication of depression and 730 with no indication of depression. Data were collected using a questionnaire applied as an interview, containing information regarding socio-demographic characteristics, self-reported morbidities, presence of cognitive decline and depressive symptoms, functional capacity, and physical activity level. For this, the following instruments were used: Brazilian Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire (BOMFAQ), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS 15) short form, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Lawton and Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale, International Physical Activity Questionnaires Long Form (IPAQ-LF) for the elderly. For data analysis we used descriptive statistics (median, maximum and minimum), and inferential statistics (Chi-square and binary logistic regression), using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 17.0, considering the significance level of p<0.1. The project was approved by the Ethics in Human Research Committee of the Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), under protocol # 2265. In both groups, the highest percentages were concentrated in older women, aged 70 &#9500; 80 years, with 1 &#9500; 5 years of schooling, living together with a partner, individual income of up to one minimum wage, number of comorbidities greater than or equal to five, sufficient level of physical activity and functional disability to perform Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Regarding the marital status, among those with indication of depression predominated widowers. Among those with no indication, there was a higher percentage of elderly living with spouse or partner. The proportion of people indicating depression accounted for 25.5%. In the adjusted analysis, predictors of the indication of depression remained as: low income, disability to perform BADLs and IADLs, and the presence of five or more morbidities.