http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/tede/3 2026-10-14T12:37:22Z http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/123456789/2157 Título: Julio Cesar de Mello e Souza - o Malba Tahan: O Homem que Calculava, a vida e o legado Abstract: This work aims to present some identities created by J ulio C esar de Mello e Souza, teacher and coauthor of Mathematics and Literature school books. He also acted as a teacher-actor in regular classroom, courses and lectures on "The Art of Teaching Mathematics" and is the creator of Malba Tahan, a legitimate Arabian gifted with religious beliefs, fantasies and amazing stories designed to (re)invent in his everyday practices of a self-taught man in the teaching of Mathematics in Brazil for about six decades. In order to show who J ulio C esar was as well as his in uencies in the teaching of Mathematics, a qualitative research was conducted on his life and legacy. Malba Tahan, one of Julio C esar's identities, creates the man who used to calculate, a character with rare skills in solving any problems involving maths through intriguing stories in his book , "The Man Who Used to Calculate". After analysing several Mathematics Stories in his book such as: "the creation of the Indu-Arabic decimal numerical system", "the resolution of second degree equations through the Al-Khw~arizmi method", "the construction of magic squares", among others, we came to the conclusion that the pillars upon which lie the innovatory and pleasant practice in The Teaching of Mathematics by Malba Tahan was the triad: Mathematical Recreations, History of Mathematics (short stories and legends) and problems and curiosities, which match the leading principles of pedagogical and playful actions that are responsible for devising a teaching-learning system geared to the characteristics and requisites of contemporary society. Tipo: Dissertação 2013-07-28T00:00:00Z http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/123456789/2155 Título: Proposta de material didático para trabalhar a unidade temática "Números" durante o sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental com base na BNCC Abstract: After the approval of the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), approved on December 14, 2018, a standard was created in the education system. With this document, a set of essential learnings was established for all elementary and high school students. Thus, we have a mandatory national reference for pedagogical curricula, both for public and private schools. In 2020, with the requirement to adopt BNCC as a reference for the pedagogical curricula of the final years of elementary school, there is a need to produce teaching materials so that they can be used in the classroom with students, meeting the BNCC references. In this work, we will focus on the construction of a didactic material that meets the thematic unit "Numbers" of the 6th year of Elementary Education according to the BNCC. As the final Elementary School consists of four years, they are called 6th year of Elementary School II, 7th year of Elementary School II, 8th year of Elementary School II, and 9th year of Elementary School II. The choice of the 6th year to be addressed in this work is justified because it is the first year of the final cycle of Elementary School II, and the thematic unit, “Numbers” was chosen because it is the first one presented at the BNCC. Thus, the construction of this material seeks to meet all objects of knowledge and skills presented in the thematic unit "Numbers" of the BNCC of the 6th year of elementary school, enabling a material to be used by the teacher in the classroom. Tipo: Dissertação 2020-02-07T00:00:00Z http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/123456789/2154 Título: Noções de probabilidade e aplicações ao caso discreto Abstract: The objective of this study is to o er the students and teachers of graduation courses that own a reduced workload, like Business, Accounting, Psychology, Information Systems and others, a text which facilitates the intuitive understanding of the Theory of Probabilities. The text addresses the three existent de nitions of probability with several examples of application and states some properties with a few demonstrations. It begins with the notion of wining or losing a game, known as the Theory of Chance. This intuitive notion became science starting the de nition of probability given by Laplace, known as equiprobabilistic model, which reduces all the facts of the same gender to certain number of cases equally possible. The interest is to calculate the chances of occurrence of an event from the de nition given by the reason between the number of favorable cases to the experiment (event) and the number of possible cases (sampling space). Then to show the limitation of this model, which is on counting the elements of sampling space. In the cases which the use of counting techniques are not enough, it is used the fequencial model that consists in repeating, in similar conditions, one experience n times and verify if the event A occurred in nA of these experiences. The probability of A event is thus de ned as being the limit of reason nA/n when n ! 1. But it is not always possible to repeat one experience in the same conditions. Hence there is the subjective de nition, in which is up to the interested use his/her knowledgement \a priori" making it possible to calculate the probability of an event occurs, probability \a posteriori". However as this subjective de nition considers the evaluation of the observer's belief in the occurrence of one experiment, it should stipulate some guidelines to be followed. With the objective of establishing some general rules and of rational behaviors, Kolmogorov created a de nition of probability based on three axioms. From this de nition it was possible to create varied probabilistic models with some well de ned hypothesis. As several real situations approach to these hypothesis, these models are very useful in the study, with the purpose of solving problems that involve several discrete or continuous random variables. Thus the importance of functions and distribution of discrete probabilities with some examples of application. Tipo: Dissertação 2013-03-12T00:00:00Z http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/123456789/2102 Título: Modelo de barras na resolução de problemas ao longo do ensino fundamental Abstract: This dissertation aims to present the Bars Model as a proposal for teaching Mathematics through problem solving. This methodology has achieved success in the transition from arithmetic to algebraic thinking. The work presents the theories that underlie and guide the work of teachers from mathematical literacy to the end of Elementary School. Exercises of increasing difficulty are exposed so that those involved in the preparation of classroom activities become familiar with the pictorial approach to solving word problems. The construction of the Bars Model is exposed with its theoretical aspects of the Singapore curriculum. This country introduced and consolidated word problem solving through the Bars Model. Finished the work with a collection of exercises extracted and adapted from books from Singapore and other countries to exemplify the range of problems of the different subjects that can be explored with the Bars Model. (BNCC) that the teacher will develop in their classroom activities. Tipo: Dissertação 2022-05-26T00:00:00Z