http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/tede/513 NOVO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais Sun, 05 Apr 2026 04:59:32 GMT 2026-04-05T04:59:32Z http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/tede/951 Título: Esterases de zaprionus indianus gupta, 1970 (diptera: drosophilidae): biomarcadores para a contaminação por malathion? Abstract: Zaprionus indianus is a drosophilid of African origin wich the first report in the Brazilian territory date from 1999 in the state of São Paulo, infesting persimmon and fig fruits. Subsequently the fly quickly reached plague status. One of the ways farmers used to control Z.indianus is chemical management, which may culminate in the evolution of insecticide resistance processes by the pest. A widely used organophosphate is malathion. Some genes and their protein products are related to organophosphate resistance to insecticides such as esterases, and Z.indianus carries these genes. This study aimed to evaluate a possible bioindicator role of esterases EST2, EST3 and EST6 in environments exposed to insecticides. Bioassays were performed with individuals exposed to the malathion insecticide and also polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to determine enzymatic polymorphisms and acetylcholinesterase activity. Bioassay analyzes show high female mortality when treated with the insecticide and esterase polymorphisms show a loss of heterozygosity in the insecticide treated populations and an increased frequency of the Est33 and Est2F allele in insecticide treated populations. Results for EST6 activity show a decrease in the activity of these esterase in populations exposed to organophosphate. Thus, Z.indianus esterases can play a large role as bioindicators in insecticide-exposed environments. Tipo: Dissertação Tue, 17 Dec 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/tede/951 2019-12-17T00:00:00Z http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/tede/950 Título: Composição corporal e polimorfismos de deleção dos genes GSTT1 e GSTM1 em síndrome dos ovários policísticos Abstract: The Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is considered a multifactorial disorder, with genetic, metabolic, endocrine and environmental alterations, affecting a large part of the female population, being an important factor of infertility. The current information does not yet allow to establish precise parameters for diagnosis and prognosis. Thus, this study aimed to identify risk factors, clinical consequences, anthropometric data, body composition, and deletion polymorphisms of the genes of the glutathione S-transferase GSTT1 and GSTM1 in patients with PCOS, comparing them with a control population . For this, two hundred and forty women (117 patients with PCOS and 123 patients without PCOS) were evaluated. Socio-demographic data, risk factors and clinical consequences were obtained through a questionnaire and follow-up of consultations. Anthropometric data were obtained with the aid of a tape measure and the bioimpedance test used had a tetrapolar system. Insulin resistance tests were performed with insulin, glucose and triglycerides. Molecular analysis was performed from peripheral blood collection and genomic DNA extraction. Genotyping was performed by the multiplex PCR technique. Statistical analysis was performed using the SSP SS, version 24and withlevesignificance was 5% (p≤0.05). The data obtained showed that the absence of gestation, menstrual irregularities, factors associated with infertility and clinical characteristics of hyperandrogenism were more frequent in the group of women with PCOS. In the anthropometric analysis, increased weight and body mass index were associated with PCOS. The indices of insulin resistance also differed between the groups. The frequency of GSTT1 and GSTM1 deletion polymorphisms did not differ between groups. The multivariate analysis showed that the family history of PCOS is more frequent among patients with PCOS. Among the risk factors for the syndrome, the history of familial PCOS was associated with the disease, being frequent in women of the experimental group. To conclude, in our series, family history, clinical consequences of the syndrome, weight, BMI and insulin resistance index are associated with PCOS. Tipo: Dissertação Mon, 20 Aug 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/tede/950 2018-08-20T00:00:00Z http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/tede/932 Título: Composição corporal e polimorfismos de deleção dos genes GSTT1 e GSTM1 em síndrome dos ovários policísticos Abstract: The Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is considered a multifactorial disorder, with genetic, metabolic, endocrine and environmental alterations, affecting a large part of the female population, being an important factor of infertility. The current information does not yet allow to establish precise parameters for diagnosis and prognosis. Thus, this study aimed to identify risk factors, clinical consequences, anthropometric data, body composition, and deletion polymorphisms of the genes of the glutathione S-transferase GSTT1 and GSTM1 in patients with PCOS, comparing them with a control population . For this, two hundred and forty women (117 patients with PCOS and 123 patients without PCOS) were evaluated. Socio-demographic data, risk factors and clinical consequences were obtained through a questionnaire and follow-up of consultations. Anthropometric data were obtained with the aid of a tape measure and the bioimpedance test used had a tetrapolar system. Insulin resistance tests were performed with insulin, glucose and triglycerides. Molecular analysis was performed from peripheral blood collection and genomic DNA extraction. Genotyping was performed by the multiplex PCR technique. Statistical analysis was performed using the SSP SS, version 24and withlevesignificance was 5% (p≤0.05). The data obtained showed that the absence of gestation, menstrual irregularities, factors associated with infertility and clinical characteristics of hyperandrogenism were more frequent in the group of women with PCOS. In the anthropometric analysis, increased weight and body mass index were associated with PCOS. The indices of insulin resistance also differed between the groups. The frequency of GSTT1 and GSTM1 deletion polymorphisms did not differ between groups. The multivariate analysis showed that the family history of PCOS is more frequent among patients with PCOS. Among the risk factors for the syndrome, the history of familial PCOS was associated with the disease, being frequent in women of the experimental group. To conclude, in our series, family history, clinical consequences of the syndrome, weight, BMI and insulin resistance index are associated with PCOS. Tipo: Dissertação Mon, 20 Aug 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/tede/932 2018-08-20T00:00:00Z http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/tede/929 Título: Atividade da acetilcolinesterase em populações sazonais experimentais de Zaprionus indianus Gupta 1970 (Diptera: Drosophilidae) expostas ao organofosforado Malathion Abstract: Zaprionus indianus is a species originally from Africa but is found on many continents of the planet, including the American continent. This species has the potential to become a pest in fruit crops that are widely distributed in Brazil, and its control as well as other insect groups, including disease vectors such as Aedes aegypti, is accomplished through the use of organophosphate insecticides, in rural and urban areas. The present work aimed to evaluate the potential bioindicator of Malathion contamination of the enzyme Acetylcholinesterase, target of the insecticide, in F1 generations of Uberaba and Peirópolis populations of Zaprionus Indianus. In addition to verifying if there is significant difference related to sex, as well as seasonal behavior, related to the catalytic activity of this enzyme in dry and humid seasons. Light spectrophotometry and polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis were performed to evaluate the enzymatic action and inhibition using the heads of the experimental subjects. The data found significant values in comparisons of activities found in populations of different seasons, as well as a correspondence between the end of one season and a half of another. Inhibition tests showed lower values of enzyme activity when exposed to the Malathion insecticide in populations of the March and June seasons. Non-significant values were found for comparisons between males and females. According to the results of the analyzes, the enzyme AChE showed a high potential as a bioindicator of Malathion contamination. Tipo: Dissertação Fri, 06 Sep 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://bdtd.uftm.edu.br/handle/tede/929 2019-09-06T00:00:00Z