Coocorrência da atividade física, condutas alimentares, hábito de fumar e de consumo de bebidas alcoólicas em universitários

Abstract

The simultaneous occurrence of risky behaviors can increase the chances of developing morbidities, which are harmful to the population's health. the objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence and simultaneity of health risk factors in university students. For this purpose, this dissertation consists of three articles, the objective of the 1st article being to systematize the scientific articles published in the databases on the simultaneity of health risk factors in university students, having carried out a systematic review study; in the 2nd article, the objective was to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with the co-occurrence of insufficient physical activities, smoking, alcohol and food consumption at an inadequate level in university students from an educational institution in Minas Gerais, Brazil, with the outcome being co-occurrence of two and three / four risk factors, and the associations estimated via Odds Ratio (OR), through Multinominal Logistic Regression; and for the third article, the objective was to investigate the combinations and sociodemographic and university link characteristics associated with aggregations between insufficient physical activity, smoking, inappropriate food and alcohol consumption in university students from a higher education institution in Minas Gerais, Brazil, with 16 combinations and aggregations with prevalence values above expectations being investigated, through Prevalence Ratios (PR), via Poisson Regression. Regarding the results, in the 1st article, prevalence of simultaneity of two or more risk factors from 9.3% to 95.4% were observed, with the use of several measurement instruments and greater use of validated questionnaires. The most investigated risk factors were low consumption of fruits / vegetables, insufficient levels of physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption. Women were more associated with the co-occurrence of health risk factors. In the 2nd article, 50.5% of university students had two or more health risk factors co-occurring, and those with a partner were associated with two risk factors (OR = 0.45; 95%CI = 0.21 - 0.98), and to three or four risk factors, students in the study areas not related to health (OR = 1.86; 95%CI = 1.24 - 2.79). In the 3rd article, among the combinations of risk factors, higher than expected prevalence for combinations referring to the absence of all behavioral risk factors O / E = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.48), and also for the presence of all combined risk behaviors (O / E = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.16 - 2.66). An association was observed for the combination of the absence of all risk behaviors among university students in the health field (PR = 2,07; 95% CI = 1.02 – 2,99) and the day study period (PR = 0,63; 95% CI = 0,43 – 0,96). It is concluded that among the studies on the co occurrence of health risk factors, there was no standardization of the measurement instruments, with emphasis on the use of questionnaires. A high prevalence of co-occurrence of risk factors was found, the most exposed to negative behaviors, singles, students from study areas not related to health and daytime.