Fauna edáfica como bioindicadora da qualidade do solo em áreas sob diferentes sistemas de manejo no cerrado

Abstract

Management systems can alter the edaphic fauna community, as they are sensitive to agricultural practices. The aim of this study was to verify the influence of seasonality and soil management systems at different times of implantation in invertebrate fauna in litter and soil at different depths, in the Cerrado, in Uberaba, MG. The design used was completely randomized, in a 4x3 factorial scheme, with different management systems: 1-No-tillage system (SPD) implanted 6 years ago (SPD6), 2-SPD 17 years ago (SPD17), 3-System of conventional planting (SPC) 20 years ago (SPC20) and 4-Native Forest (MN) regenerating 20 years ago (MN20), in litter and depths: 0 - 0.10; 0.10 - 0.20 and 0.20 - 0.30 m, with five repetitions for each area. For the sampling of macrofauna, the methodology proposed by Tropical Soil Biological and Fertility Program (TSBF) was used. Sampling was carried out in the rainy season (November 2019) and in the dry season (May 2020). From the determination of the number of individuals per square meter (ind.m-2), the total richness and the Shannon's diversity and Pielou's equitability indexes were calculated. In the rainy season, greater richness, higher density and higher Shannon and Pielou rates were observed in the litter of no-tillage systems when compared to the conventional system. For the dry period, the depth of 0.0 to 0.10 m favored the density, richness and diversity of the macrofauna. Therefore, seasonality influenced the macrofauna. The time of adoption of the no-till system also directly influenced the edaphic macrofauna, where SPD17 is more similar to MN20.