Comparação dos níveis de Hif-1α, VEGF, TNF-α E IL-10 no fluido crevicular peri-implantar de pacientes com e sem peri-implantite

Abstract

Introduction: Peri-implantitis is defined as an inflammatory process that affects the tissues around the osseointegrated implants after their function, resulting in bone loss. Although peri-implantitis is a major cause of implant failure, many mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this disease are not yet fully understood. Objective: To compare the levels of HIF1-α, VEGF, TNF-α and IL-10 in periimplant crevicular fluid in patients with and without peri-implantitis. Material and Methods: Forty patients were selected at a private dental clinic in the city of Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil, from November 2016 to July 2018, 16 patients with peri-implantitis and 24 from the control group. Subsequently, the periimplant crevicular fluid was collected and the ELISA technique was performed to evaluate the levels of HIF1-α, VEGF, TNF-α and IL-10. For statistical analysis, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test, Fisher's exact test and Spearman's correlation test were used. Results: HIF-1α levels were significantly higher in the peri-implantitis group compared to the control group (p = 0.0005). There was no significant difference between TNF-α, IL-10 and VEGF levels between groups. In the peri-implantitis group, there was a positive and significant correlation between TNF-α and IL-10 levels (p = 0.0008) and between TNF-α and VEGF levels (p = 0.0246). There was a significant negative correlation between HIF-1α and IL-10 levels in the peri-implantitis group (p = 0.0041). Conclusion: The present study allows us to conclude that in periimplantitis, increased TNF-α is associated with increased VEGF and IL-10. We can infer that the increase of TNF-α would be contributing to the intensification of the inflammatory picture in peri-implantitis, counterbalanced by the increase of IL-10. In addition, as in the periimplantitis group HIF-1α levels were inversely correlated with IL-10 levels, we suggest that the increase in the antiinflammatory cytokine IL-10 could be implicated in the decrease in HIF-1α, probably due toa reduction in inflammatory stress and tissue damage in peri-implant tissues due to inflammation.