Percepcao das pessoas com deficiencia visual sobre o teleatendimento em saude

Abstract

Visually impaired people may have difficulties in fully accessing digital tools and media, not related to disability, but with the lack of opportunities or access to facilitators and adaptations necessary for their condition, demonstrating the need for specialized assistance for these individuals. The lack of scientific studies dealing with teleservice in Brazil, mainly with the visually impaired, makes health professionals work without the use of protocols, guidelines and systematization of care. Knowing this, this work aims to analyze the perception of the visually impaired about teleservice in health, as well as possible barriers and facilitators from the panorama of the visually impaired themselves. This work is an observational cross-sectional type, carried out in two stages: an interview via telephone and through a virtual form, those who had difficulty accessing the form were contacted via telephone, respecting the individuality and personal needs of the participants. Adults with visual impairments, registered at the Instituto de Cegos do Brasil Central participated in this research. The questions were related to your personal data, possession and use of technology, perceptions in relation to teleservice in care and accessibility of the questionnaire, for those who have already participated in teleservices, also answered on the use and satisfaction with the service provided in these consultations. There were descriptive and bivariate analysis to verify associations, performed chi - square test and Fisher's exact, considering that p-values below 0.05 are significant. The socioeconomic profile of the participants shows that most are female, single, young adults, have low vision capabilities, congenital visual impairment, schooling compatible with high school, retirees, exclusive income from retirement, income of up to one minimum wage and the causes of vision loss could have been avoided. This information allows us to trace the possible conditions that facilitate or hinder access to resources and technologies. Most of the participants use and have technological resources that allow internet connectivity, fundamental to access the teleservice, however a small portion claims to have already used this type of service. Barriers and facilitators of access for people with visual impairment to the virtual health service, are not, for the most part, imminent from disability, but about the whole context that surrounds it. However, there is a need to aware the potential of these people and information to the population about this type of service, through professional support, from institutions specialized and scientific basis for the inclusion of this population. Despite some differing opinions among individuals who participated and did not participated in the teleservice, as well as among blind and visually impared, in most questions the answers were similar, suggesting that the fact that never having participated in teleservices and the degrees of visual impairment, interfere in the perception of this type of service. According to the answers of participants, this type of service seems to be a viable form of care to this population in a variety of circumstances, if implemented correctly, with professional training, adequate communication and favoring a good professional-patient relationship, so that the humanization of the service is not lost.