Avaliação comparativa de buscadores de patentes e análise da propriedade intelectual e transferência de tecnologia da Química brasileira em relação aos países do BRICS.

Abstract

The general objective of this research was to carry out a comparative evaluation between some of the most used patent search engines to be able to infer if a certain engine that is more comprehensive or contains more resources for carrying out the patent record search. In addition, it was also the objective of this work to carry out an analysis of intellectual property, technology downloads and innovation culture of Brazilian chemistry compared to the BRICS countries between 2012 and 2021. Among the analyzed patent search engines, Patentscope presented better results, in addition to having the best tools to refine searches and analyzes of retrieved documents. As for the analysis of intellectual property, the period studied showed that China is the BRICS country that most protects its inventions both in its own country and in more reputable international offices such as the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the European Patent Office and the Japan Patent Office. Brazil, on the other hand, is the BRICS country that shows the lowest data in these areas. Although the highest values are associated with the export of goods and services, in the analyzed period there was no regularity in the export of goods and services and industrialized products. Among services and goods, industries and the agricultural sector stand out. As for industrial goods, the recommendation of metallic minerals, food, stands out. Chemicals, on the other hand, are in fifth place, representing only 5% of exports. When analyzing the interest of US citizens in protecting their inventions in the BRICS countries, it is observed that the greatest interest is in China, with Brazil in second place. The greatest interest of non-residents in Brazil is in the areas of Materials, Food, Fats and Essential Oils, in addition to Biotechnology. Analyzing the transfer of technology in the country, there is a growing number of institutions with technology transfer contracts and a progressive increase in the amount of value linked to these contracts, in addition to expressive amounts of income on the part of the Institutions of Science and Technology with these contracts. However, despite the country's efforts to consolidate its innovation system, there is still much to be done for Brazil to appear in more competitive positions. One of the pillars to achieve this objective is to strengthen research at all levels.