A família e a psicoterapia infantil: uma relação necessária.

Abstract

The present work analyzed the different perspectives involved in the relationship between the family and the psychologist during child psychotherapy. It is known that child development ranges from conception to “physical growth, neural, behavioral, cognitive, social and affective maturation of the child” (WHO). Recognizing childhood as a historical-dialectical product is understanding the process of constitution of subjectivity as a complex phenomenon permeated by countless variables that contribute to the promotion of favorable outcomes or that facilitate the conditions of illness or psychic suffering. Child psychotherapy is directly crossed by the participation of the family and seeks to help children to express their feelings, anxieties and problems in a satisfactory way. Thus, this work carried out an integrative review in the BVS, Cinahl, IBECS, LILACS, Med Line, Pepsic, Psycinfo, PubMed, Redalyc and SciELO databases during the months of March 2021 and September 2021. a strategy that aimed to observe in the scientific publications on the subject, which were the characteristics and factors that are positively/negatively related to the child clinic and ended up confirming the indispensability of the relationship between the family and the psychologist in child psychotherapy, in addition to subsidizing carrying out the field research. Complementarily, the second study sought to observe more directly how the relationship between the psychologist, the family and the child takes place through interviews with psychologists from the Psychosocial Care Network - RAPS, in Uberaba-MG. The influence of social processes determined by the dialectic between the individual and his relationships were present during the interviews, and the material and social conditions of the child and family must be duly considered in order to understand the phenomenon of mental health. In both researches, it was noted that the family is an essential part in the construction of an effective psychotherapy, either because of its participation in the child's development by being responsible for giving him a good part of the knowledge and culture that will engender it, as well as as for being responsible for assisting in treatment adherence and also for being the one that favors the reflections and practices evoked in psychotherapy. From this work, aspects that can be objects of future investigations are observed, as well as points that can be improved in the construction of a psychological clinic that understands the subject imbricated in his social and historical context, being produced by 10 him to the same extent in that produces it. However, it is suggested that new studies on the relationship between the family and child psychotherapy be stimulated in different socio-historical and cultural contexts, which favors a greater understanding of the theme, since this review showed that the theme is scarce and still little studied in Brazil.