Práticas de governança no enfrentamento do biofilme bacteriano em superfícies de ambientes hospitalares: uma análise baseada na revisão sistemática de literatura

Abstract

Healthcare-associated infections are a significant safety concern for both healthcare professionals and patients. They have become a serious and frequent public health problem, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates, in addition to prolonging hospital stays and increasing hospital administration costs. Environmental contamination can facilitate the spread of pathogens associated with hospital environments, and when cleaning and disinfection are not performed properly, bacteria can remain alive for long periods, thus increasing the risk of healthcare-associated infections. Communities formed by bacteria, known as biofilms, are characterized by protection against various forms of aggression that may arise, such as nutrient shortages, exposure to antibiotics or the presence of chemical agents used to combat bacteria. This study aims to understand how new disinfection techniques can be adopted by hospitals in the strategy to combat biofilms. Furthermore, the aim is to develop an extension project aimed at the hospital community and its users, aiming to present concepts related to hospital governance practices in combating biofilm, as well as the implementation of biological strategies for controlling and preventing this phenomenon. The proposal seeks to integrate theory and practice in an accessible, objective and concise manner, facilitating the understanding and application of the knowledge acquired. A thorough literature review was carried out, with emphasis on measures to prevent/reduce the development of biofilms on surfaces in hospital environments. As results of this research, several solutions were obtained that, when articulated, can contribute to combating biofilm and reducing correlated mortality rates. Good hand hygiene, periodic cleaning and disinfection of surfaces and raising awareness among professionals about these practices play an important role in interrupting the transmission of pathogens.