Percepções das policiais civis sobre o atendimento de mulheres em situação de violência

Abstract

This dissertation aimed to investigate the perceptions produced by civil police officers regarding their work with women experiencing Domestic and Family Violence in Specialized Police Stations for Women (DEAMs). It consists of two qualitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional studies. Reflexive Thematic Analysis by Braun and Clarke, along with the theoretical and methodological frameworks of social psychology and feminist epistemologies, were adopted to deepen the analysis of the data obtained in both studies. The first study focused on understanding civil police officers' perceptions of their work in addressing the demands of DEAMs through a narrative review of publications from the past five years. A narrative review was conducted, searching major databases for full-text articles published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, using recognized descriptors and various keyword combinations related to the topic. Article 1 explores three key themes identified: Working Conditions in DEAMs, Training in the Civil Police, and the Bureaucracy ("Papelocracia") of the Civil Police in DEAMs. The second study, empirical in nature, sought to investigate the perceptions of these professionals regarding such work, this time considering their dual roles as women and police officers. Following ethical protocols, three semi-structured interviews were conducted with female civil police officers from a DEAM in a rural area of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Article 2 delves into two key themes identified: The Police and Gender. The results highlight the entanglement of police work conditions, such as inadequate infrastructure and work overload, underscoring the lack of governmental investment. Additionally, the persistence of gender stereotypes, due to the challenges of providing continuous and appropriate training, creates conditions contrary to those established by the Maria da Penha Law (LMP). This scenario generates a mismatch in the expectations of the women served, the general population, and the police officers themselves regarding police activity, including in DEAMs. Female police officers are subjected to gender stereotype expectations within their workplace, raising the complexity of being women, police officers, and daily dealing with violence rooted in the same misogyny on which the institution itself is based. This highlights the urgency of investing in effective public policies, including valuing police work and implementing the LMP, to combat Gender Violence (GV) in a comprehensive and transformative manner. Thus, the primary discussion emphasizes the indispensability of materializing policies to address GV across various domains, connecting the findings of both studies. Furthermore, the literature gap on this challenging subject extends beyond this particular scope and may reflect mutual resistance between Academia and the Police. This underscores the need for further studies committed to the individuals involved in this dynamic, as they are crucial agents for fostering policies that can directly influence access to and guarantee human rights, particularly for women who appear to face systematic neglect in contemporary society, especially in Brazil.