Mulheres com deficiência e experiências de violências: expressões na vida e na produção científica

Abstract

Violence against women with disabilities is a theme little explored in Brazilian academic productions and contexts. To understand the intersection of women with disabilities and violence, it is necessary to identify the systems of domination in which these women are immersed, the disaggregated definitions of disability that are inherent in society and are related to how people perceive disability and the impact of ableism. In this sense, the general objective of the dissertation was to investigate the experiences of women with disabilities who have experienced situations of violence and to gather and discuss scientific productions related to the theme. The dissertation is divided into two studies. Study I is a narrative literature review, focused on studies about violence against women with disabilities, with the aim of bringing together productions in the area that show the specificity of the experiences of violence experienced by these women, their typologies and an intersectional approach to the theme. The search for documents was carried out between August/2022 and January/2023 via CAPES Periodicals Portal. The results pointed to the need to contemplate the singularities of women with disabilities; attempts, albeit incipient, to highlight the specific forms of violence that women with disabilities can experience and the scarcity of documents that mention the capabilities these women have, the coping and/or overcoming strategies they presented to reframe their experiences of violence. Study II is clinical-qualitative descriptive research that aimed to investigate the experiences of women with disabilities who experienced situations of violence and to analyze the understanding they had about these situations. Nine semistructured and individual interviews were performed. The treatment of the data was qualitative and the ordering of the information resulting from the interviews was carried out through the Reflective Thematic Analysis of Braun and Clarke. The participants demonstrated that they were aware of the experiences of prejudice, discrimination, negligence, but expressed doubts about whether or not these were forms of violence. In their narratives, situations prevented them from seeking help, including the fear of making a complaint and reliving painful moments, their speech having no credibility, fear and insecurity, as well as the exposure of a family member. They mentioned support from family and friends, psychotherapeutic assistance and religious practices as care resources.