Efeitos do Programa FIFA 11 + KIDS em desfechos biomecânicos e funcionais em futebolistas de diferentes faixas etárias

Abstract

Despite bringing benefits to the athlete's health, playing football can predispose to the occurrence of injuries. Therefore, developing injury risk reduction programs and understanding their effects at different stages of the athlete's maturation process becomes important to develop effective preventive strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the FIFA 11+ Kids program on biomechanical and functional outcomes of football athletes of different age groups. A clinical study with a quasi-experimental, comparative intervention, longitudinal, and quantitative design was carried out. The sample consisted of 66 football athletes aged 6-14 years, distributed into three groups, according to age: 1) 12 to 14 years (G1-n=22), 2) 09 to 11 years (G2-n= 22), 3) 06 to 08 years old (G3-n=22). The athletes were evaluated pre- and post-intervention with FIFA 11+ Kids regarding lower limb torque, jump kinetics and functional performance. There was a significant increase in the torque of the knee extensor muscles (P<0.001) in G1 and G2, of the knee flexor muscles in G1 and G3 (P<0.05), of the hip abductor muscles in G3 (P<0.05), and hip adductor muscles in all groups, after the intervention. There was a decrease in the time to reach the peak of knee extensor and hip adductor torque in G3 (P< 0.05), to reach the peak of knee flexor torque in G2 (P=0.022), and an increase to reach the peak of knee extensor torque in G1 (P =0.005). G1 increased flight time (P<0.001) and power output (P<0.001) in the vertical jump. G2 increased the peak landing force during the 1st (P=0.001) and 2nd landings (P=0.011) in the horizontal jump, and increased the peak landing force during the 2nd landing (P=0.027) in the drop landing. G3 showed a reduction in the rate of force development (P=0.047) and maximum impulse force (P=0.007) in the vertical jump. All age groups showed a reduction in execution time in the T agility test G1 (P =0.013), G2 (P<0.001) and G3 (P=0.004) post intervention, with a greater effect for G3 (P<0.001). It was concluded that FIFA 11+ Kids is effective in improving biomechanical and functional aspects in football athletes, with those aged 12-14 benefiting most in terms of increased torque and performance in jumping kinetics, and those aged 6-08 in terms of reducing the time to reach peak torque and reducing the time in the agility test.