Competências do enfermeiro para abordagem da sexualidade do idoso: uma intervenção simulada

Abstract

Sexuality is an essential aspect of life that develops over time and encompasses the entirety of the individual, not diminishing with aging. However, in the context of older adults, sexuality is often surrounded by myths, prejudices, and taboos that need to be overcome. Nursing plays a crucial role in promoting health throughout the human life cycle by addressing the various health needs of individuals at different life stages and providing care to maintain Basic Human Needs, including the need for sexuality, according to the theory proposed by Horta. Despite the importance of sexuality in older adults, there are few studies that standardize educational interventions for the training of professionals. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to construct and validate a simulation scenario for addressing the sexuality of older adults within the context of Primary Health Care. This is a methodological research, with a quantitative approach, focused on the construction and validation of the clinical simulation scenario. The development of the scenario was based on essential practices and fundamental principles of the NLN/Jeffries Simulation Theory, using the NLN/Jeffries Simulation Framework for Simulated Participant Methodology and following the standards of the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning (INASCL) Standards of Best Practices: Simulation. The content addressing sexuality was based on the Ex-PLISSIT model. The validation of the scenario was conducted by 23 expert judges, resulting in a Content Validity Index (CVI) of 0.97, demonstrating the robustness of the developed scenario. This work resulted in the creation of a simulated scenario, consisting of a checklist of expected actions during the approach to the sexuality of older adults, in accordance with the Ex-PLISSIT model, as well as a detailed description of the scenario and a scene script for training the simulated patient. The final version of the scenario, titled "Addressing the Sexuality of Older Women in the Context of Primary Health Care," may support future nursing training and contribute to reducing health disparities by integrating the sexuality of older adults into nursing care.