Comparação de parâmetros de síndrome metabólica entre adolescentes com sobrepeso ou obesidade praticantes e não praticantes de judô: um estudo transversal

Abstract

Obesity is considered a chronic disease of multifactorial origin and is one of the biggest public health problems in the world. An increasingly sedentary lifestyle, associated with the lack of regular physical activity and an unhealthy diet, increases the risk of weight gain. Obesity has been seen as an important risk factor for numerous chronic diseases due to its association with the development of early cardiometabolic comorbidity, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension, which together are called metabolic syndrome. However, it is clear that sports practice improves aspects related to cardiovascular fitness and adiposity associated with reduced metabolic risk in adolescents. Therefore, judo as a high-intensity interval modality can contribute in this scenario. The objective of this study was to compare parameters of Metabolic Syndrome in overweight and obese adolescents who practice judo and who do not. This is a cross-sectional study that included a sample of 34 adolescents aged between 10 and 14 years, overweight or obese according to the WHO percentile table, 17 judo students and 17 non-judo students. Anamnesis was performed and then anthropometric data, body composition and blood markers were collected. After the appropriate statistical analyses, it was found that there were no significant differences between the judo (JG) and control (CG) groups in relation to anthropometric parameters (body mass, height, waist circumference, abdominal circumference and hip circumference). However, a significant difference was observed in lean mass, being greater in the JG (p<0.05). Regarding markers of metabolic syndrome, no significant differences were observed for waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile (triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL) and blood pressure. Thus, it is concluded that the present study did not observe statistically significant differences in the metabolic syndrome parameters between overweight or obese adolescents, judo practitioners and non-practitioners, with waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, HDL, LDL and blood pressure being evaluated; however, the GJ presented greater.