Avós cuidadores: exercício da parentalidade e suas percepções de saúde

Abstract

The increase in life expectancy in Brazil increases the elderly population, generating coexistence between different generations and changes in family arrangements, and when thinking about these transformations, it is important to consider the roles that these grandparents assume in the new family configurations. With the purpose of unveiling grandparents in caregivers, this study aims to analyze the context between grandparents and grandchildren in the care relationship. This is an observational, exploratory and analytical study. Composed of two phases, phase I, methodological, for the elaboration of the collection instrument and Phase II corresponds to the analytical cross-sectional study. As a result of phase I, after validation by the judges, a CVI of 0.93% was obtained, with respect to the reliability of the instrument, the ICC was 0.87 (95% CI 0.72-0.96), the alpha of cronbach with 0.867 and the semantic evaluation showed that the instrument is easily understood by the target population. The instrument then proved to be suitable for use. The questionnaire was applied in the city of Uberaba-MG, from March to July 2019, with 392 grandparents, most of whom were married, retired, 10.2% received the family allowance, 52.8% had completed elementary school, 42 , 3% perceive themselves as having regular health, in relation to the amount of grandchildren cared for, take care of grandchildren from childhood to adolescence, about cohabitation with their grandson, 18.9% cohabit with a child, when taking care of their grandchildren, these grandparents see care as intensive, about reasons for this care, 58.7% take care of grandchildren for parents to work, Most grandparents feel satisfied in taking care of grandchildren, have low difficulty, few have support in care, but have a good family functioning, feel that grandchildren are their responsibility and believe they have a duty to support grandson and family. To find similarity groups, we used the technique of multivariate correspondence analysis and cluster analysis, with the formation of two similarity groups, one with better health, younger elderly people, good health perception, low support in care, low difficulties in care and satisfied in caring for the grandson and the second group, with older grandparents (80 years or more), with difficulties in care, poor health, but with greater support in care and satisfied. Indicating that older seniors may have a poor quality of life compared to younger grandparents