Determinantes da adesão ao tratamento de usuários com hipertensão cadastrados no programa de hiperdia da Atenção Primária à Saúde

Abstract

Currently, the situation of population health in Brazil is characterized by the change in the pattern of illness, mortality and accelerated demographic transition what causes growth in the occurrence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the population. Among the NCDs stands out hypertension (SAH), due to its high prevalence, morbidity and mortality and broad therapeutic dimension, making it an alarming public health problem worldwide. In addition, non-adherence to treatment, aggravates the situation contributing to no control of blood pressure and increased risk factors in hypertensive patients. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the rate of adherence to treatment; characterize users with hypertension according to sociodemographic variables, economic, clinical and drug therapy; compare the socio-demographic, economic, clinical and drug therapy variables between members hypertensive and non-adherent to medication and identify factors associated with adherence to treatment according to sociodemographic variables, economic, clinical and drug therapy. This is a quantitative study, observational, descriptive and cross in which participated in 150 hypertensive registered in Hiperdia Program 29 Family Health Strategy (ESF), the city of Uberaba - MG. Data collection took place from March to July 2014 and the instruments used were: instrument for sociodemographic and clinical characterization, the Treatment Adherence Measure (MAT) and MARTIN-BAYARRE-GRAU Questionnaire (MBG). Data were submitted to descriptive analysis and chi-square test (p <0.05). Logistic regression model was used to analyze the predictors of adherence to medication by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 17.0. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of UFTM through the Platform Brazil, under No. 26422514.5.0000.5154 protocol. Adherence to isolated drug treatment was 90.7%, according to MAT and being 62.7% of total membership, 35.3% and 2.0% partial noncompliance, according MBG. The highest percentage of membership was among the male, old, married, living together, they had their own income and per capita family income of less than one salary. As well as those with complications, the Hiperdia registration time of more than five years, and adrenergic inhibitors used known treatment. The accession predictor of treatment according to the logistic regression was to have personal income. Considering the multiple factors that affect treatment adherence, the data presented contribute to the research of the elements that lead to improved treatment adherence, as is knowledge of the main characteristics of this population. Besides to the contribution to recovery and improvement of Primary Health Care in the prevention, treatment and control of hypertension, as well as in providing essential information to the lineup of health initiatives.