Efeitos do treinamento resistido não linear sobre antropometria, parâmetros metabólicos, inflamatórios e imunes, força muscular e componentes da síndrome metabólica em pessoas infectadas pelo HIV: ensaio clínico randomizado

Abstract

Despite highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have increased the life expectancy of people infected with HIV (PIHIV), there are side effects which are associated with increased visceral fat and metabolic and inflammatory changes. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of nonlinear resistance training (NLRT) on anthropometric, metabolic, immune, inflammatory, muscular strength and metabolic syndrome in PIHIV. Thirty PIHIV previously sedentary were randomized into two groups. NLRT group (n = 15) was submitted to twelve weeks of resistance exercise performed three times a week while control group (CON; n = 15) was instructed to maintain their lifestyle. Before and after 12 weeks the participants were submitted to anthropometric, biochemical, muscular strength and metabolic syndrome components (MetS) measurements. ANOVA for repeated measurements were performed to verify the main effects of time and treatment interaction, with a significance level of 5%. Interaction effects were found for increase in muscle mass (p <.0001), IL-10 levels (p = .030), muscle strength in all proposed exercises (p <.0001), and CD4+ (p = .004) and CD8+ (p = .001) count cells. In addition, there were reductions in fat mass (p <.0001), fat percentage (P <.0001), and blood concentrations of IL-1β (p = .029), IL-6 (p = .005), IL- 8 (p = .010) and TNF-α (p = .001). Participants with MetS in NLRT group showed increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p <.001) and reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = .031), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p = .043), fasting glucose (FPG) (p = .012) and glycated hemoglobin (p <.001). Conclusion: NLRT positively alter body composition, muscular strength, inflammation and reduces the components of MetS in PIHIV in use of HAART.