Fatores relacionados ao uso, reabilitação e recaídas segundo adictos em recuperação

Abstract

Drug is an illegal and harmful substance, prohibited for use, that the body changes its functions and may result in a number of these substances problematic pattern of use with loss of control (AMORIN, 2007). The uncontrolled use of psychoactive substances is a serious social and public health problem (Pratta, 2009). Quantitative, descriptive study. The study was conducted with 180 individuals admitted to clinics for treatment of chemical dependency, aged between 18 and 77 years old, single (61.7%), living with their parents (43.3%), with no professional occupation (35, 6%), household income 01-02 wages (28.3%) and smoking (59.4%). The age of substance-use initiation was 11-20 years (75.6%) in alcohol (66.1%), marijuana (46.2%), cocaine (28.9%) and crack (20.6 %). Seconded use reasons were curiosity (66.7%), emotional problems (35.6%) and family problems (35.0%). The consequent social problems of use were unemployment (36.1%), separation from spouse (32.2%) and loss of custody of the children (26.1%). Factors related to maintenance of sobriety were the family (70.6%), work (43.3%) and religion (37.2%). Of respondents fell 52.2%, the most familiar drug in the last relapse alcohol (87.2%) and crack (77.6%). During relapse, 49.4% worked, lived with their parents (30.6%), had no leisure (30.0%) and received support (58.3%) of the family (50.6%). The relapse protective factors highlighted were family (48.9%), religion (35.6%) and work (32.2%). in the approach to drug use, preventive measures should consider historical, socio-cultural and economic contexts, seeking the reality of consumption and the use motivations (WHO, s / d). These measures should aim at reducing risk factors and strengthening protective factors. Preventive actions should be defined, planned, implemented and deployed with multiple strategies, with community activities and partnerships with social groups, seeking to reduce the initiation consumption and consequences of use (BRAZIL, 2003). It is believed that the information provided in this study may support the work of health professionals and also help to guide the planning strategies, interventions and policies on this topic.