Efeito agudo do exercício contrarresistência nas respostas hormonais citocínicas em homens e mulheres jovens

Abstract

The differences in the responses induced by exercise between genders have implications for understanding the gender-specific adaptations to exercise performance and health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of gender on changes citocínicas and hormonal in response to a total body resistance exercise protocol. Were selected sixteen healthy volunteers (8 women and 8 men), recreationally active and trained in resistance exercise, and were submitted a session consists of 10 resistance exercises (3x 8-10RM) with a range of 90-120 seconds between sets and exercises. Total testosterone (TT), GH, IGF-I, IGFBP-3, cortisol and glucose were evaluated before, immediately after (IP), 30, 60, 120 , 240 minutes (min) and 24 hours (h) post-protocol. The IL-6, IL-10 and TNF serum were assessed before, 60 min, 240 min and 24 h post-protocol. The creatine kinase (CK) was assessed before and 24h post-protocol. Both men and women had similar increase in CK activity (p < 0.05) 24 hours post-exercise. Significant effects of interaction gender by time were observed for IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α. In the men, an increase from baseline (pre) was noted at 60 min for IL-6 and IL-10, while TNF- α decrease at 60min. In women, an increase from baseline was noted at +240 only for IL-6 while TNF- α decrease at 24hmin. We observed significant effects of the interaction between gender and time to testosterone and cortisol. Only men increase TT and cortisol after resistance exercise. Changes in cortisol after the training session (Δ%) was not significantly correlated with total testosterone in IP and 30 minutes. However, when the amounts were compared separately Δ% pre-IP and Δ% pre-30min, was positively correlated with total testosterone and IP 30 min only in women. Changes in cortisol after the training workout (Δ% pre-IP and Δ% pre-30min ) was not significantly correlated with total testosterone at IP and 30 minutes only in women. We conclude that acute total body resistance exercise protocol provides increase in anti-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-10 and decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. However, marked sex differences exist in temporal pattern and magnitude of response. Also men showed greater magnitude increase in testosterone and cortisol than women and a significant correlation positive between the responses of cortisol and testosterone in women only.