Análise da intensidade, demanda física e desempenho muscular em atletas do futebol para amputados

Abstract

Amputee Football is a variation of regular soccer, with teams composed of players with unilateral amputation of lower limbs (field players) and upper limbs (goalkeeper). The objective of the current study was to analyze the physical and physiological demands and muscular performance of the athletes of Amputee Football in official matches. For this, two studies were conducted. Study 1 analyzed and described the physical and physiological demands of the athletes of Amputee Football in official matches. Therefore, 16 players of Amputee Football (age = 32 ± 4.71 years old, experience time = 5 ± 2.55 years), of masculine gender, were followed in four official matches. To register the physical and physiological demands of the match, the players wore, during the matches, a watch with automatic GPS, which registered the values of cardiac frequencies, speed and distance traveled. Collections of lactate concentrations were taken before the beginning of the match and after the end of the 1st and 2nd halves of each match. To compare both halves of the matches, the paired Test T and Mann Whitney-u were used. The new One-way, with post hoc of Bonferroni was used to compare the answers of the lactate concentrations. The outcome of the current study demonstrated that the athletes of Amputee Football travel a total distance of 5.56 ± 1.07 km during the match, with the average speed raised during the 1st half. Study 2 tried to verify the interference of a match in muscular performance of the athletes of Amputee Football. 38 players of Amputee Football were analyzed, with an average age of 31 ± 7.18 and experience time of 4 ± 2.9 years. Two collections from each team were taken, one for familiarization and another for the test. The order of execution of the tests was as follows: 1) Push-up Test of the arms; 2) Vertical Jump with counter movement and 3) Medicine Ball throwing Test. The paired T Test was used to compare the movements before and after the matches, in the variables that showed normal distribution. In the case of the variables that didn't show this distribution, the Wilcoxon Test was used. Significant differences were observed between all the physical performance tests in the moments pre and post matches. It has been concluded with the two studies that Amputee Football is an intermittent sport with high physical demand, whose physiological profile shows that half the time is spent in runs with mild and moderate intensity. Amputated athletes showed a decrease in strength manifestations (resistance and potency) after a match.