Validação da versão brasileira do World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) e o perfil sociodemográfico e aspectos clínicos de adultos com baixa visão

Abstract

The low vision is an irreversible change in visual function that may influence health conditions. Therefore, the use of validated instruments becomes important for the assessment of this population. In this way, the objectives of this study were: map the sociodemographic and clinical aspects of people with low vision; and check the validity of WHODAS 2.0 assessment tool in this population. Thereby were recruited 125 people with low vision, composing a convenience sample from specialized institutions of this population. People were interviewed using a structured sociodemographic form, the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Lawton and Brody’s Scale, the WHOQOL- Bref and WHODAS 2.0. To test the psychometric properties of WHODAS 2.0 the participants were evaluated on 3 distinct stages, the first and second step performed by the same examiner and the third step with a different examiner. It was evident that show the prevalence of males (59.2%), mean age 49.9 years (± 13.4), white (56%), single (36%), retired (55.2%), and 4 to 8 years of education (34.4%). Regarding clinical aspects, prevailed retinitis pigmentosa (51.2%), the use of the public health service (72%), absence of comorbidities (45.6%) and absence of pain (55.2%). The Lawton and Brody`s scale averaged the score of 16.4 ± 3.6 with a significant difference in marital status, education and profession. The WHOQOL-Abbreviated 61.3 ± 11.8, showing a significant difference by gender, education, type of education management, and the type of health service. Regarding the validation of WHODAS 2.0 instrument was adequate in the internal consistency of property in most areas (α ≥0, 64) except in school activities and work (α = 0.14). The validity of convergent and divergent criteria were moderate and significant correlation (p < 0.05) between the fields of WHODAS 2.0 with WHOQOL- Abbreviated. In the test-retest reliability and inter-rater correlation was found in all areas of WHODAS 2.0. Thus, it was shown that the profile of people with low vision patrons of specialized associations, reveals reasonable educational situations in white and single men of working age benefit from retirement. Furthermore, it was found that the WHODAS 2.0 was valid and reliable for use in adults with low vision from the investigation of the psychometric properties of internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity of construct, test-retest and inter-rater.