Efeito do pré-condicionamento isquêmico sobre o desempenho físico

Abstract

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) consists of alternating short ischemia reperfusion series. This has been investigated as a protection feature to tissues for future prolonged ischemia events. The performance to be applied immediately prior to the execution of the exercise, minutes or hours later, the IPC could improve performance and / or speed recovery. However, the IPC application results are controversial. While it is shown to be able to improve VO2 cyclists had no effect on the same variable in another study with similar methodology. It was effective in triggering the improvement in the running time, the attenuation of the rising lactate, improved fatigue resistance and workload but opposite results showed that IPC were unable to improve performance. Discussions on the type of exercise, occlusion time and interval between the application of IPC and execution of the exercise are considered. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of IPC on two different types of exercise not previously analyzed in the literature: 1) resistance training and 2) specific intermittent test. In both studies the design used was crossover with the protocols performed randomly, and interventions: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC), placebo (placebo) and control (CON). Participated in the first study college students, healthy, futsal practitioners, after being allocated to the groups performed the preexercise procedures: IPC individuals remained sitting with a tourniquet applied to the thigh and spent four five-minute occlusion series (200 pressure mm Hg) alternated by 5 minutes of reperfusion (0mm Hg) for placebo subjects underwent a pseudo occlusion (20mm Hg) toggled by a pseudo reperfusion (0 mmHg) having the identical cycle to run the IPC and CON individuals. They remained passively sitting for 40 minutes. Waited seven minutes for the implementation of Yo-Yo Intermittent Endurance Level 2 (Yo-YoIE2) and heart rate monitored throughout the test of time, perceived exertion immediately after and lactate two minutes after completion of the test. Study 2 participated practitioners of resistance training and healthy individuals passed through the same procedures as in Study 1 prior to test (IPC, placebo and CON) and after 8 minutes, the subjects underwent three maximum monitored series of leg extension with a load of pre-established 12RM. After every individuals indicated the PSE and after four minutes from the end of the year was made the collection of lactate. In conclusion the IPC in the first study was not able to improve performance during the Yo-Yo IE2. For the second study it was concluded that performance increased for placebo and PCI group compared to the CON suggesting a similar effect of these two groups.