Análise independente e combinada do nível de atividade física com o comportamento sedentário e sarcopenia em idosos

Abstract

The present study had as objectives to evaluate the association of physical activity and sedentary behavior, independently and in conjunction with sarcopenia and to analyze the predictive power and to identify the cut-off points of physical activity in its different domains and the time exposed to Sedentary behavior for the presence of sarcopenia in the elderly. This study is an integral part of the ELSIA - Longitudinal Health Study of the Elderly in Alcobaça, BA, with a sample of 284 elderly women enrolled in the Family Health Strategy aged 60 and over, living in the urban area of the city of Alcobaça, BA. Data were collected using a questionnaire applied in the form of an individual interview, with sociodemographic information, health indicators, habitual physical activity, exposure to sedentary behavior and physical performance tests. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the exposure to sedentary behavior was assessed considering the total time spent sitting during one day in the week and one day at the weekend through the IPAQ sitting time domain. Sarcopenia was diagnosed through muscle mass (muscle mass index), muscle strength (palmar grip strength) and physical performance (gait velocity). For data analysis, the procedures of descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square and binary regression) and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves p≤0.05 were used. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 16.4% (n = 47). The presence of sarcopenia was associated with the highest exposure to sedentary behavior at the weekend (OR=4,42 IC95%1,24-15,78), however, when combined with physical activity and sedentary behavior, no significant associations were found. Physical activities of moderate or vigorous intensity accumulated in different domains for ≤ 140 min.sem-1 and exposure to sedentary behavior for ≥460 min.day -1 presented the best cut-off points to predict sarcopenia. The adoption of adequate public policies aimed at reducing the time exposed to sedentary behavior are important factors to be considered in order to provide an improvement in health and, consequently, a healthier aging.