Obesidade: fatores associados e hábitos de vida de escolares do 1. ciclo da educação básica do município de Uberaba/MG

Abstract

Obesity and overweight grow rapidly on a universal scale, being increasingly targeted for studies and research. The greatest concern is due to the diseases that can be offered together with obesity. The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with overweight and to compare anthropometric, sociodemographic, life habits and hemodynamic characteristics in elementary school students in the city of Uberaba / MG. This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study with a sample composed of 1560 students for the 1st cycle of basic education. Body mass, stature, BMI, skinfolds, waist circumference, blood pressure, physical activity level and biochemical analyzes (HDL-c, triglycerides and glycemia) were evaluated. The continuous variables were described by means of central tendency and dispersion, categorical variables by percentage values. The t and Mann Whitney tests were used to compare groups with parametric and non-parametric distribution respectively, and the categorical variables were compared using the x² test. The association was performed using Poisson Regression, the prevalence ratio (PR) used as a measure of association, and Wald test was used to determine the statistical significance. In the crude analysis performed, they were significantly associated with overweight, decimal age, waist circumference, percentage of body fat, hypertriglyceridemia. In the multivariate analysis, the associations between overweight and fat percentage and waist circumference were maintained. There was a significant difference among overweight children in the variables: height, waist circumference, skinfolds and percentage of body fat (p <0.001), age, screen time, refrigerant consumption, arterial pressure, triglyceride and HDL-c. We conclude that there was an association of overweight with waist circumference and fat percentage, and except for age and height, the variables that were most prevalent in overweight children are most often considered modifiable.