Eventos adversos relacionados ao cateterismo vesical de demora: percepção dos enfermeiros

Abstract

The safety of the patient is a relevant topic since its principles based on the practice of nursing. So, in order to be able to envisage safe and quality care, it is necessary to invest in professional training seeking to consolidate the patient's safety culture in institutions, with nurses having the ethical and moral commitment to develop their activities based on these parameters. This study aimed to analyze the circumstances involving adverse events related to late bladder catheterization according to the nurses' perceptions. A descriptive study with a qualitative approach, developed in the urgency and emergency unit of a public teaching hospital, located in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The population was constituted by 20 nurses who worked in the unit and who estabilish the criteria of inclusion on the study. The Critical Incident Technique was the methodological procedure used to collect the data, and semi-structured interviews were carried out, during the period from september to november, 2016. The analysis of the data was guided by content analysis which allowed the identification of critical incidents by describing 55 situations, of which 53 (96.4%) received negative references and two (3.6%), positive; 282 behaviors, being 192 (68.2%) negative and 90 (31.8%) positive; and 93 consequences with 66 (71%) negative references and 27 (29%) positive references. Negative references have referred to aspects that make it difficult to perform bladder catheterization, such as: shortage of human and material resources, technical disability, knowledge deficit, working under pressure, lack of standardization, lack of communication, rework and embarrassment. The facilitator aspects represented by the positive references, were: professional awareness with care, team cooperation and professional ethics in the face of intercurrences. The study showed that there are still important barriers related to nursing care which contribute to the occurrence of adverse events and which cause harm to patients and professionals. However, in an attempt to minimize the occurrence of adverses events, nurses take care of patients with responsibility, ethical posture and professional awareness. Thus, it is fundamental that the precepts of permanent education, teamwork and communication permeate nursing actions, with a view to humanized care and safe care.