Elaboração de livro paradidático para o Ensino de Probabilidade: o trilhar de uma proposta para os anos finais do Ensino Fundamental

Abstract

This research is part of the Institutional Scholarship Program Introduction to Teaching, PIBID – Mathematics subproject - Research line: Treatment of Information of Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro. In this subproject, it was defined as objective analyze the process of elaboration of paradidactic book to subsidize the education of probabilistic content of the final years of elementary school following the principles of Anthropological Theory of Didactic of Chevallard (1996, 2001), in teaching and mathematics (probabilistic) praxeological organization. The guiding question of the research was to elaborate a paradidactic book on Probability of education in the light of Anthropological Theory of Didactic in the didactic and mathematics (probability) praxeological organization that contemplates aspects related to the probabilistic content and that meet the understanding of needs and assimilation by the students who are completing elementary school. It believed to be necessary to investigate and seek a broader understanding and based about using paradidactic books both in the development of reading how writing and consequently the probability of content that is taught in elementary school. According to Menezes and Santos (2002), paradidactic are books and materials, without being properly teaching are used for this purpose. Based on this assumption we seek to organize content based on the Anthropological Theory of Didactic, with the development of paradidactic book, composed of problem situations or tasks, consisting of a sub-tasks sequence, which can be performed using various techniques justified by technology which uses the Probability theory as an object of study. The development of this work is characterized by the development of activities from the production of paradidactic book entitled "Playing in the National Olympics probability" that were divided into four chapters and each of them will be presented of the stages of the Olympics that contemplates aspects related to the probabilistic content in order to provide students with the experience of the processes mentioned by Nacarato and Lopes (2005), namely that processes such as communication of ideas, interactions, discursive practices, mathematical representations, arguments meanings are used. The shares used in paradidactic book have been prepared, based on some games that we believe are important to add motivation to the proposed activities and also be able to relate the probabilistic content to be addressed. The intention of the construction of paradidactic is not to replace the textbook but rather complement it and enter this material as essential elements in the training of students of Basic Education in relation to probabilistic content. It is necessary to emphasize the importance of the student have contact with reading and interpreting texts in their initial education, and can be helped with paradidactic book where he will work probabilistic concepts in a more pleasant way.