Análise de aditivos de valor e de prazo nos contratos de obras em duas instituições federais de ensino

Abstract

Civil construction implies in a large movement of resources, especially the investments made by the government. Although Law n° 8.666/ 93 regulates public contracting, providing for the preparation of the basic projects and documentation for construction, both, commercial media and academic literature, emphasize that public constructions have contractual additives, as value and deadline mainly. A small number of researches focusing on educational institutions, such as universities, report a high occurrence of these changes. Therefore, it was selected UFTM and IFTM because they have recently received investments to expand and adapt their physical infrastructure from the federal government and both are located at the same geographic region. The main objective of this research is to study and analyze the occurrences of deadline and value additives in the construction contracts carried out by UFTM and IFTM since the creation of these institutions, in 2005 and 2008, respectively. Statistical always of the occurrence of the additives, as well identification the causes that most affected the cost and/ or the deadline of the public constructions. This research helps the managers of these institutions to make appropriate decisions in order to reduce the incidence of these additions, contributing to the planning of this kind of construction and facilitating budgetary planning. An enquiry of the contracting process, in both institutions, it was made in order to collect the data. The UFTM’s constructions presented in their majority additive value (22% on average) and deadline (83% on average). IFTM had 45% of the constructions with value (11% on average) and 79% with additive deadline (136% on average). It should be noted that when considering the size of the works the additive value is not significantly different for the new constructions as well as the medium-sized reforms of IFTM and UFTM, at a significance level of 5%. For the additive deadlines, the average of IFTM was consistent with the literature and the one of UFTM was below what says literature. Statistically, the averages of the additive value and deadline of the medium and large-sized constructions of the IFTM and UFTM were highlighted because they were the same. The main causes were, in their majority, related to the contractors and the changes in the projects that point to the opportunity of improvement for the institutions. Thus, in view of the results and the analysis carried out in this work, managers can seek for improvements in project design, obtaining even more realistic planning and also improve the use of public resources.