Níveis de ansiedade e depressão em enfermeiros no contexto hospitalar

Abstract

Mental health is related to the well-being of the mind, and any condition that may affect it can lead to some type of disorder, such as anxiety and depression. Several factors can make these problems possible, but those related to the professional area may cause illness, whether due to sociodemographic, occupational, or health profile factors. Nurses who work in hospitals are more likely to be at risk of suffering mental illnesses. The study aimed to evaluate the levels of anxiety and depression in nurses working in a hospital context. The methodology used is quantitative, descriptive, and sectional. Data collection occurred through the distribution of two self-administered questionnaires, one on the sociodemographic, occupational, and health profile and the other on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, to nurses allocated to the premises of the Mário Palmério Hospital Universitário in Uberaba-MG.We obtained, as a result, n=61 interviewed professionals. The majority (91.8%) were female, aged (52.5%) from 30 to 49 years old, single (50.8%), did not have children ( 60.7%), income (36%) above 5 minimum wages, 1 job (83.6%), working in the care sector (77%), critical type (45.9%), 36-hour workload (50.8%), without comorbidity (83.6%), do not use medication (63.1%), without psychological/psychiatric support (85.2%), do not use alcoholic beverages (67.2 %) nor tobacco (98.4%) and have already been affected by COVID-19 (62.3%). Statistical significance according to Person's correlation when p < 0.05, were for the variables: shift (p=0.008) for anxiety and (p=0.05) for depression; use of medication (p=0.01) and use of psychological/psychiatric support (p=0.05) for anxiety, if there is a comorbidity (p=0.02), use of pharmaceutical drugs (p=0.05) and whether psychological/psychiatric support is used (p=0.02) for depression. The highest levels of anxiety were related to the female sex and the number of employment contracts. Regarding mental care, depression is highly associated with the female sex and age. Those who work in management sectors presented higher levels than those working in care sectors. Through this research, we saw that some findings corroborate the literature. Therefore, further studies are needed that delve deeper into the topic.