Implementação da política nacional de humanização: olhar dos gerentes da Atenção Primária à Saúde

Abstract

Created in 2003 to assist with the reorganization of health care in Brazil , the National Humanization Policy provides for the incorporation of new concepts or already existing traditional practices in health, many not previously inserted in the service routines . The increase in the understanding of the concept of humanization , arising from this policy also led the debate on the current models of care and management in health and urged the scientific production on the subject . This research aimed to understand and describe the context of the deployment / implementation of the National Policy of Humanization in primary health care , from the perspective of the managers of the Health Units. This study has a quali-quantitative with cross-sectional exploratory approach and it's developed in the form of a case study. It was carried out in the Units of Primary Health in Uberaba , Minas Gerais, Brazil, with the participation of 18 managers Units. The data were collected from June to July in 2013, through the application of two questionnaires : the first containing identifying sociodemographic and professional of managers of the units and open questions about their knowledge of the National Humanization Policy; and the second containing closed questions related to the eight goals and/or associated devices and potential indicators in each of the dimensions of the reported Policy. The information on identifying sociodemographic and professional participants, as well as the data on the existence and implementation of devices and indicators this Policy in the units were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, using absolute frequencies and percentages. The answers to the open questions were subjected to content analysis technique and subsequently codification with the aid of the software Atlas.ti . The results showed that 55.56 % of managers were female , avarege age of 43.7 years , and 66.67 % were married . Regarding academic , dentists were 44.44 % , 16.67 % , nurses , 16.67 % , formed in other courses in the area of health , 16.67 % in the humanities and 5.55 % had no academic training in higher education . As for previous work experience , 44.44 % had worked in private companies and other municipal office , and the operating time in current position as manager of the unit had an average of two years and nine months. Regarding knowledge about the National Humanization Policy , we observed deficits in knowledge presented by the managers of the units . Some factors complicate the implementation of the policy were identified, such as: the lack of information and involvement of users, overloading of the health workers and professional profile, and as facilitators : to use of resolute users listening system, workers' participation in management of labor, linkage between professional and hardworking and professional profile . When asked about the existence of the provisions of Policy on Basic Health Units , the majority reported having them implemented in your unit, in a structured or informal ways. The results of this study allowed to conclude that, although there are conceptual misunderstanding and inaccurate perceptions about the theme, there are many initiatives of the National Humanization Policy already in place and with different degrees of implementation.