Satisfação e sobrecarga de profissionais de saúde mental

Abstract

Studies have shown the need to pay attention to the health of mental health professionals, since the quality of the service depends, among other aspects, on the well-being of the working teams. Considering the importance of professionals for the success of the community care model, knowing their emotional state and factors that may interfere with the quality of the service they offer may favor the creation of conditions for planning and structuring a more effective work in mental health services. In order to better understand the burden of the professionals and to base the empirical study, a systematic review of the literature was carried out at the SciELO, LILACS, CAPES Portal, PsycINFO and PUBMED databases of the burden of mental health service professionals. Two judges searched independently and, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 32 national and international papers were selected. Most of the reviewed publications were Brazilian authors, whose objective was to evaluate stress and burnout in mental health professionals, was of a quantitative nature and used the IMPACTO-BR and MBI scales. The levels of burden observed in the studies varied between 1.60 and 3.98, indicating a moderate degree, and the presence of burden was pointed out in studies on other negative impacts related to work. Subsequently, the levels of job satisfaction and burden of psychologists working in CAPS in the Triângulo Mineiro region were empirically evaluated. Of the eleven invited cities, eight allowed the execution of the research and 36 psychologists participated, responding to SATIS-BR, IMPACT-BR and a Questionnaire prepared by the authors. The mean level of job satisfaction was 3.60 (on a 5- point scale), with a higher score for service relationships ( = 3.94) and a lower score for working conditions ( = 3.21). The average of the degree of burden was 1.91 (in a 5-point scale), with greater impacts on the functioning of the team ( = 1.91) and lower impacts on health ( = 1.82). There were correlations between the global levels of job satisfaction and burden and several aspects of services. There was a significant difference in levels of job satisfaction and burden for psychologists who had psychotherapy. Moderate levels of job satisfaction and low burden indicate good emotional conditions of the evaluated psychologists. The two studies provide information that endorses the need to make mental health professionals' emotional health a focus of scientific and political interest, since the consolidation and maintenance of the quality of health services is one of the responsibilities of these workers.