Efeitos de uma intervencao educativa na qualidade de vida, sono e saude mental de agentes comunitarios de saude.

Abstract

Community health agents are part of the Family Health Strategy Teams in Primary Health Care, developing strategies for health promotion, disease prevention, and health surveillance. The combination of the proximity to the population and some job specificities can influence the quality of life, sleep, and mental health of these professionals. Therefore, this study aimed to develop two articles with the purpose of, a priori, describing the domains/aspects of quality of life that are more compromised among community health workers and to evaluate the quality of life, sleep, and mental health of these professionals after an educational intervention following the NEW START lifestyle. The first article was conducted through an integrative literature review conducted from the search of articles in the databases Virtual Health Library and Public Medlineor Publisher Medline, in the period from January 2016 to July 2021. The second article is an intervention, longitudinal and quantitative study conducted in the interior of the state of Minas Gerais, with 49 participants from the selected health units. Seven articles were included in the review. In the intervention study the participants showed improvement in quality of life in relation to the physical (p=0.017), psychological (p<0.001) and environment (p=0.014) domains as well as improvement in the quality of sleep (p<0.001) and mental health (p<0.001). It is concluded from the articles th’at the community health worker presents the domains: environment, physical and psychological affected. The NEW START lifestyle proved to be effective in improving the quality of life, sleep and mental health of these professionals after the educational intervention, thus being able to contribute to the development of public policies aimed at the development of strategies, protocols and actions for the health care of these professionals.

O Agente Comunitário de Saúde compõe as Equipes da Estratégia de Saúde da Família na Atenção Primária à Saúde, desenvolvendo estratégias de promoção de saúde, prevenção de doenças e vigilância em saúde. A junção da proximidade com a população e algumas especificidades do trabalho podem influenciar a qualidade de vida desses profissionais. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os domínios/aspectos da qualidade de vida e os fatores que interferem nos mesmos, em Agentes Comunitários de Saúde por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada a partir da busca de artigos nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde e Public Medlineor Publisher Medline, no período de janeiro de 2016 a julho de 2021. O resultado desta revisão incluiu sete artigos. Constatou-se que, geralmente, o Agente Comunitário de Saúde apresenta os domínios: ambiente, físico e psicológico afetados, estando exposto a inúmeros problemas biopsicossociais, que afetam sua qualidade de vida.

Community Health Workers are part of the Family Health Strategy Teams in Primary Health Care, developing strategies for health promotion, disease prevention, and health surveillance. The combination of the proximity to the population and some job specificities can influence the quality of life of these professionals. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe the domains/aspects of quality of life and the factors that interfere in them, in Community Health 21 Workers through an integrative literature review carried out from the search of articles in the databases Virtual Health Library and Public Medlineor Publisher Medline, in the period from January 2016 to July 2021. The result of this review included seven articles. It was found that, generally, the Community Health Agent presents affected environmental, physical and psychological domains, being exposed to numerous biopsychosocial problems that affect their quality of life.

Os agentes comunitários da saúde possuem um papel de extrema importância, e com altas demandas na Estratégia de Saúde da Familia, resultando em influência negativa em sua qualidade de vida, sono e saúde mental, e necessitando de intervenções que contribuam para a melhora desses aspectos. Assim, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar a qualidade de vida, o sono e a saúde mental de Agentes Comunitários da Saúde após uma intervenção educativa, seguindo o estilo de vida NEW START. Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção, longitudinal e quantitativo realizado no interior do estado de Minas Gerais, com 49 participantes das unidades de saúde escolhidas. Os instrumentos utilizados pré e pós-intervenção foram o WHOQOL-Bref, “Self- Reporting Questionnaire” – (SRQ-20) e o Índice de qualidade de sono de Pittsburgh. Para análise dos dados adotaram-se estatísticas descritivas, os teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, t- Student, de Wilcoxon e o de McNemar. Considerou-se o nível de significância de p<0,05. Dentre os 49 participantes, a média de idade foi de 39,24±10,66anos, a maioria foi do sexo feminino (95,9%), casados (as)/morando com companheiros (as) (73,5%), com ensino médio completo (51%) e renda de um a três salários-mínimos (55,1%). Depois da intervenção, os participantes demonstraram melhora na qualidade de vida em relação aos domínios físico (p=0,017), psicológico (p<0,001) e meio ambiente (p=0,014) assim como melhora na qualidade do sono (p<0,001) e na saúde mental (p<0,001). A intervenção educativa, seguindo o estilo de vida NEW START melhorou a QV, qualidade do sono e saúde mental de agentes comunitários de saúde, o que pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas dirigidas para a elaboração de estratégias, protocolos e ações.

Community health agents play an extremely important role in the Family Health Strategy, with high demands, resulting in a negative influence on their quality of life, sleep, and mental health, requiring interventions that contribute to the improvement of these aspects. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the quality of life, sleep and mental health of Community Health Agents after an educational intervention following the NEW START lifestyle. This is an intervention, longitudinal and quantitative study carried out in the countryside of the state of Minas Gerais, with 49 participants from the chosen health units. The instruments used pre and post intervention were the WHOQOL-Bref, the Self-Reporting Questionnaire - (SRQ-20) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. For data analysis we adopted descriptive statistics, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, t-Student, Wilcoxon, and McNemar tests. A significance level of p<0.05 was considered. Among the 49 participants, the mean age was 39.24 ± 10.66 years, most were female (95.9%), married/ living with a partner (73.5%), with complete high school education (51%), and income of one to three minimum wages (55.1%). After the intervention participants showed improvement in quality of life in relation to the physical (p=0.017), psychological (p<0.001) and environment (p=0.014) domains as well as improvement in sleep quality (p<0.001) and mental health (p<0.001). The educational intervention following the NEW START lifestyle improved the QL, sleep quality and mental health of community health workers, which can contribute to the development of public policies directed to the development of strategies, protocols and actions.