Os elementos do discurso em Frei Gaspar da Madre de Deus: uma lógica aristotélica no Philosophia Platonica

Abstract

This research is part of studies on the history of brazilian education, particularly focusing on the teaching of philosophy in the colonial period. Our theme is the teaching of philosophy undertaken by Friar Gaspar da Madre de Deus, recorded in a manuscript entitled Philosophia Platonica of 1748. The second chapter of the sixth book of the first treatise of this manuscript is used as the object of research. There we find the concepts of name, verb and oration being discussed by Friar Gaspar. In this sense, the problem we raise is the following: what are the conceptions underlying the discussions about the name, the verb and the oration in Friar Gaspar da Madre de Deus? To answer this question, we use, as methodological contributions: bibliographical research, textual criticism and doutrinal analysis. Therefore, we divided this work into three parts. First, we situate our objet in its historical context and in the bibliographical discussion. In the second, we carried out a paleographic analysis of the manuscript based on textual criticism. In the third, we undertake the doutrinal analysis of the content of the manuscript. From that route, we conclude that Friar Gaspar manifests the way of knowledge production of this time, treats the concepts he aproaches from different perspectives and draws directly from the aristotelian tradition of his time, but re-elaborating it in his own way, that is, synthesizing it with authors of anti-aristotelian thought.