Práticas museais e cidadania: tensões, ações e narrativas de inclusão em museus

Abstract

This work aims to investigate how the actions developed by the museums participating in the research reveal paths, tensions, and possibilities in the promotion of citizenship, from the perspective of social inclusion, based on the views and perceptions of their professionals. Four museums of different typologies participated in the study: the Museu Afro Brasil Emanoel Araujo (typology: art museum), Museu das Favelas (typology: community museums), both located in the city of São Paulo; Museu da Vida (typology: science museum) and the Museu Histórico Nacional (typology: traditional museum), located in the city of Rio de Janeiro. We used conversation as the methodology for data construction, and from these conversations we built the narratives, the central point of our work. We drew on the foundations of Sociomuseology, new interdisciplinary museological approaches: engaged museology, collaborative museology, and critical museology, and decolonial studies, supported by the works of Arias (2012); Krenak (2019); Santos (2013). We investigated how the actions carried out can promote citizenship, understanding it as sociohistorically situated formulations and practices that recognize people and their social experiences and operate within social struggles and disputes. The narrated actions that move toward social inclusion were systematized into three axes: (I) Material/Symbolic Accessibility; (II) Social Participation; (III) Plural Epistemologies. Based on this organization, we created two dimensions of analysis a posteriori: Dimension I-Inclusion Practices: accessibility, participation, and plural epistemologies; Dimension II- Challenges and disputes in the implementation of social inclusion actions. The actions described in this work indicate that, indeed, museums have asserted themselves as social tools in promoting citizenship through social inclusion, despite the contradictions and disputes structures, museums are promoting experiences that sensitize, educate, and mobilize, contributing to social justice.