Prevalência de transtornos mentais e fatores associados em mulheres da cidade de Uberaba-MG: um estudo epidemiológico

Abstract

People around the world are suffering with an increase in mental health problems. The most frequent are Common Mental Disorder (CMD) and Depressive Symptoms (DS), which can be associated with older age, female, Physical Activity Level (PAL), anthropometric measures like Body Index Mass (BMI) and demographic/economic characteristics. The study of the mental health profile of the population is important, because it identifies people with this disease and it can direct health interventions in this area. This study aimed: to identify the prevalence of CMD, DS, PAL and BMI and the relation between CMD/DS with PAL and BMI and the relation between CMD/DS with demographic/economic indicators, in women over 20 years old in the city of Uberaba, Minas Gerais. It is a population-based cross-sectional study, focused on identifying the health profile, coming from the Inquérito de Saúde da Mulher, in the city of Uberaba- MG, 2014 (ISA-Mulher, 2014).The sample (multistage probabilistic) consisted by 1520 women.Data collection was performed by previously trained interviewers. To identify demographic and epidemiological characteristics it was used a questionnaire with this information. In order to investigate the CMD, it was used the Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20), and it was considered the cutoff point ≥ eight points to characterize positive CMD. The screening of DS was carried out by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies- Depression (CES-D), with a cutoff point ≥ 16 points for positivity DS. The PALwas measured by IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire); it was considered active, women with ≥ 150 minutes (moderate activities) or ≥ 120 minutes (vigorous activity) score. Weight and height were measured to calculate BMI. For statistical analysis, it was used: descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation); inferential analysis (chi-square test) and multivariate analysis (Poisson regression). CMD and DS prevalence were respectively 29.67% and 31.55%. Most of the women were classified as active (90.26%) and as overweight (38.54%). There was no significant association between the presence of TMC or SD in relation to the NAF and BMI according to age groups. There was significance between mental disorders' indicators and demographic / economic characteristics, specifically for the variables education level and family income.