Transtorno mental: percepção do profissional do CAPS sobre sua formação e a participação da família

Abstract

The Brazilian Psychiatric Reform has led to several changes in the understanding and care of individuals with mental disorders, and the Psychosocial Attention Center (CAPS) is the service responsible for these subjects. The care of the family acquires importance from the deinstitutionalization and de-hospitalization advocated by the Psychiatric Reform, as co-responsible for the treatment of its relative. Two studies were carried out to understand the profile of the professionals working at the CAPS and their understanding about mental disorders and family participation in the treatment of their family member with mental disorder. The studies were conducted with 10 top-level professionals who had worked in a CAPS 2 for at least one year. The studies were qualitative research. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview script for each study. The data were treated by the Bardin content analysis and interpreted according to the systemic family theory and the literature of the area. From the analysis of the first study, four categories emerged: 1- Vocational training in mental health; 2- Perception of the professional about mental suffering; 3- Evolution of the individual with mental disorder in the treatment; 4- Disorders most frequently seen in the CAPS. Data analysis of the second study produced six categories: 1- Family view; 2- Development and evaluation of activities with families; 3- Involvement of the family in the treatment and activities of the CAPS; 4- Forms of access used by professionals to achieve the involvement of the family in the treatment of the user; 5- Changes in the family-user relationship; 6- Repercussions of family involvement in the mental disorder of the family member. From the data of the two studies, the complexity of mental suffering is analyzed, analyzing the types and frequency that are most frequently served in the service, as well as the profile and performance of the professionals working in this CAPS, demonstrating the evolution of the Psychiatric Reform. The CAPS offers various activities such as family groups, assemblies, lectures, seminars, marches, workshops, cultural and charitable activities, and most of the family members participate. Study professionals evaluated the activities performed at the institution, both with users and their families, believing that they correspond to the CAPS proposal, within the psychosocial proposal. The importance of the renovation and creation of new strategies of action and activities with the users, besides the participation and support of the family, is essential, and they are essential for the rehabilitation.