A originalidade e a atualidade do pensamento de Paulo Freire: as influências do iluminismo kantiano e do marxismo frankfurtiano na obra Pedagogia do oprimido

Abstract

The central theme of this research is THE ORIGINALITY AND CURRENCY OF PAULO FREIRE'S THINKING: The influences of Kantian enlightenment and Marxism on his work Pedagogy of the Oppressed. The general objective is to show the trajectory and importance of Freire's work as the bearer of a textual polyphony that reaches people all over the world. As a specific objective, we seek to identify in Paulo Freire's readings the confluences and dissonances with Kantian Enlightenment thinking and with Marxism present in his philosophy. We followed the bibliographical review method, using the works of Immanuel Kant, Adorno & Horkheimer, and Paulo Freire as theoretical references. The work is linked to the following line of research: Educational Foundations and Practices and related to the Education and Society axis, falling within the Studia Brasiliensia project. In the first chapter we look at aspects of Kantian thought, with a greater emphasis on educational issues, then we move on to the thought of Adorno and Horkheimer, seeking in them an understanding of critical theory as a project for the emancipation of the subject. In the second chapter, we present the Pedagogy of the Oppressed, its context, and the persecution of Paulo Freire. In the third chapter, we respond to the criticisms raised in the previous chapters and point out the current situation and the direction in which Freire is taking us. Based on these analyses, we intend to demonstrate the progress and importance of Freire's thinking for the educational and political issues of our time, responding to questions that have been lingering since the military dictatorship of 64, with a greater emphasis on the education project that has since been implemented in Brazil.