Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI): alinhamentos conceituais na perspectiva do planejamento estratégico

Abstract

In the conception of Federal Educational Institutes, the link between offering a quality service, including teaching, research and extension, and having good public governance, requires good administrative management to achieve the results that society is entitled to. The Institutional Development Plan (IDP) is a document that Federal Institutes must prepare, according to legislation, containing their Strategic Planning (SP) that demonstrates the reason for the institution's existence, the analysis of the environmental context in which it is inserted and its desired future situation. One of the challenges of public management is the use of this instrument aiming at greater effectiveness of results and efficiency in the use of resources. Within this context, this work seeks, in the studies and assumptions of the science of Administration, to verify the importance of aligning the institutional IDP with the theoretical concepts of SP. Federal Institutes (IF) are inserted in a dynamic and complex environment, that is, prominent in changes and influenced by environmental factors, due to the nature of the service of production and dissemination of knowledge. In this context, Matias-Pereira (2012) explains the change from a mechanistic management model to a systemic one and how strategic management interconnects aspects related to context, strategy, management model and people management. The correct formulation of the PDI according to the theoretical basis of the science of Administration favors the management model for efficient execution and monitoring of plans and goals and for achieving the objectives proposed by the institution. In view of this, considering the FIs of the state of Minas Gerais, we have the research question: Is the PDI of the FIs of the state of Minas Gerais being prepared in alignment with the technical-scientific concepts of PE? The objective of the research is to present a proposal for preparing the Institutional Development Plan from the perspective of the conceptual bases of Strategic Planning by the science of Administration. To this end, it will be necessary to identify the conceptual premises for developing the SP, to understand the current PDIs of the FIs of Minas Gerais, to evaluate the similarities and differences between the PDI and the SP, and to propose a structure for developing the SP of the PDI based on a reflection and evaluation of the similarities and differences between the theory and the documents already prepared by the FIs of the state of Minas Gerais. This study aims to investigate and improve knowledge extracted from published works, based on a bibliographical research, which will serve as a basis for the analyses and discussions, through an applied, qualitative and exploratory research based on a documentary research. A content analysis was carried out to reflect and evaluate the similarities and differences between the SP theory and the documents prepared by the management teams of the FIs of Minas Gerais through a categorization of the essential concepts. In the content analysis, it was found that the concepts are being mentioned in the PDIs of the institutions, but deficiencies are still seen in the use and understanding of the concepts for the correct preparation of the SP. The highlight was Strategic Analysis (Analysis of the Internal and External Environment). The main challenge faced by public managers, considering the concepts of governance and the principles of their responsibility, does not only concern economic or social issues, but mainly management, with the internal and external aspects of the institution in mind, which must be continually improved as social demands increase, especially in scenarios with scarce resources and budget, seeking the best result that the institution can deliver to society.